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Analogy Definition
The word 'Analogy' means 'correspondence’. In analogy questions, a specific relationship is given & another similar relationship has to be identified from the given options.
Types of Analogies In reasoning, generally we come across two
types of analogies: Alphabet analogy and Numbers analogy.
Number Analogy covers two types of questions:
I. Choose a similar pair as the given pair in the question on the basis of the relation between the numbers pair given in the question. II. Choose a number that is similar to a group of numbers on the basis of certain similar properties that they possess.
Example: Find a pair that is similar to the given pair of numbers:- 180:90 (a) 64 : 37(b) 2 : 1(c) 23 : 10(d) 137 : 112 Sol.: Clearly, the relationship here is 2x : x. This same relationship exists in option (b). So, the correct answer is option (b).
Alphabet Analogy: In this type of analogy, two groups of letters related to each other in same way, are given.
The candidate is required to identify the relationship & choose a group of letters which is related in the same way to a 3rd group given in the question.
These questions become easier to solve if you memorize the alphabetic positions of the letters in the alphabet. (eg: A=1, M=13, etc.)
Example: BCDE: PQRS :: WXYZ : ? (a) EFGH(b) KLMN(c) QJSP(d) TSUV Sol. Each letter of the 1st group is moved 14 steps forward to obtain the corresponding letter of the 2nd group. A similar relationship will exist between the 3rd and 4th groups. Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
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